My Five Year Plan

My Five Year Plan - When I first started reading the Bible, I thought that it might be nice if someone listed the 613 commandments of the Mosaic Law and gave the rationale as to whether each is binding on Christians. I finally decided to take on the task myself. However, at the rate that I'm going, this will take me about five years. For more background on this blog, click here. If you take issue with any conclusions please post them. I'll be happy to engage in cordial discourse. ...Finally, if you are here for the first time, it's probably best to scroll down and read the posts in chronological order. The archive is to the right.

Tuesday, December 28, 2010

32. Do not turn a city to idolatry

The 32nd commandment of Mosaic Law is to not turn a city to idolatry    

Where in scripture?
Deuteronomy 13:13-15
If, in any of the cities which the LORD, your God, gives you to dwell in, you hear it said that certain scoundrels have sprung up among you and have led astray the inhabitants of their city to serve other gods whom you have not known, you must inquire carefully into the matter and investigate it thoroughly…

New Testament Reference
Ephesians 5:5
Be sure of this, that no immoral or impure or greedy person, that is, an idolater, has any inheritance in the kingdom of Christ and of God.

Mark 9:42
Whoever causes one of these little ones who believe (in me) to sin, it would be better for him if a great millstone were put around his neck and he were thrown into the sea.

Conclusion
Binding on Christians  

Monday, December 27, 2010

31. Do not make human forms even for decorative purposes

The 31st commandment of Mosaic Law is to not make human forms even for decorative purposes  

Where in scripture?
Exodus 20:23
Do not make anything to rank with me; neither gods of silver nor gods of gold shall you make for yourselves.

A plain reading of Exodus 20:23 suggests that the verse is consistent with the previous Bible verses and Mitzvot that we’ve discussed. It prohibits the making of gods or idols of silver or gold.

Jewish tradition interprets the verse as a prohibition against making human forms that could be used as idols. According to Mitzvah a Day, which is a blog that is similar to this one, except that it is written from the Jewish perspective, Jewish tradition holds that “Making sculptures of the human head (with or without the body) is forbidden and is punishable by 39 lashes from Bet Din. Drawing and engravings of heads are permitted.”

According to My Jewish Learning, “Over time, this commandment has been interpreted in a variety of ways. The most common prohibition, and the one that's most obvious from the text, is against creating sculptures of people, animals, or planets for the purpose of worshipping them. One of the primary messages of the Torah is that worshipping idols is not allowed, so it's not surprising that creating pieces of art that could be used as idols was prohibited. 

“…Today most traditional rabbinic authorities go by the ruling in the Shulhan Arukh, sanctioning depictions of the human body that are somehow incomplete. For example, a sculpted bust would be acceptable, but not a full human form; a drawing in which part of the body is obstructed by a piece of furniture or another person would also be acceptable.”

According to Catholic Answers, “It is right to warn people against the sin of idolatry when they are committing it. But calling Catholics idolaters because they have images of Christ and the saints is based on misunderstanding or ignorance of what the Bible says about the purpose and uses (both good and bad) of statues. … God forbade the worship of statues, but he did not forbid the religious use of statues. Instead, he actually commanded their use in religious contexts!”

Catechism of the Catholic Church
2131 Basing itself on the mystery of the incarnate Word, the seventh ecumenical council at Nicaea (787) justified against the iconoclasts the veneration of icons - of Christ, but also of the Mother of God, the angels, and all the saints. By becoming incarnate, the Son of God introduced a new "economy" of images.

2132 The Christian veneration of images is not contrary to the first commandment which proscribes idols. Indeed, "the honor rendered to an image passes to its prototype," and "whoever venerates an image venerates the person portrayed in it."70 The honor paid to sacred images is a "respectful veneration," not the adoration due to God alone:

2141 The veneration of sacred images is based on the mystery of the Incarnation of the Word of God. It is not contrary to the first commandment.

Discussion
According to Catholic Answers, “Catholics use statues, paintings, and other artistic devices to recall the person or thing depicted. Just as it helps to remember one’s mother by looking at her photograph, so it helps to recall the example of the saints by looking at pictures of them. Catholics also use statues as teaching tools. In the early Church they were especially useful for the instruction of the illiterate. Many Protestants have pictures of Jesus and other Bible pictures in Sunday school for teaching children. Catholics also use statues to commemorate certain people and events, much as Protestant churches have three-dimensional nativity scenes at Christmas.”

Religious worship is not directed to images in themselves, considered as mere things, but under their distinctive aspect as images leading us on to God incarnate. The movement toward the image does not terminate in it as image, but tends toward that whose image it is.

From the many painted images in the catacombs underneath Rome, we know that the very first Christians used images of men, angels, and Jesus to assist them in their worship.

Shroud of Turin
When God made the New Covenant with us, God was revealed to us in a very visible form. To this day we can still see the true likeness, not a mere depiction, of God – the second person of the Trinity - in the Shroud of Turin. The existence of the Shroud has reinforced the faith of millions of people. Would it be inappropriate to gaze upon the Shroud? Would it be inappropriate to take photographs of the Shroud? Before the invention of photography, would it have been inappropiate to make a painting or statue simulating the image of the Shroud?

Our Lady of Guadalupe
If God didn’t want us to uses images of the human form in religion, why did He give us the image of Our Lady of Guadalupe?

At the risk of straying off-topic, I’ll briefly discuss the miracle for those who are not familiar with it. In 1531, Juan Diego saw a vision of a young woman, while he was on a hill near Mexico City. She instructed him to ask the local bishop to build a church on the site. He talked to bishop, but the bishop asked for proof of the vision. Juan Diego returned to the site and explained the situation to the Blessed Mother.

Three days later, the image of Our Lady miraculously appeared on his cloak and he showed it to the bishop. Four technical studies were conducted between 1751-2 and 1982, the findings of three of which have been published.

·        The material of the cloak is soft to the touch, almost like silk, but is a coarse weave of an agave fiber.
·        Studies show no under-drawing.
·        The fiber should have decayed centuries ago. The cloak has maintained its structural integrity for over nearly 500 years, while replicas of the same material normally last only about 15 years before suffering degradation.
·        The cloak repaired itself with no external help after a 1791 ammonia spill that initially did considerable damage.
·        In 1926 an anarchist bomb destroyed the altar, but left the cloak unharmed.
·        In 1929 and 1951 photographers found human figures reflected in the Virgin's eyes – the same type of reflection that is found in human eyes.
·        In 1936 biochemist Richard Kuhn analyzed a sample of the fabric and determined that the pigments on the image were from no known source.

Per a plain reading of Exodus 20:23, we must not make gods or idols of silver or gold. However, the 31st Mitzvot that specifies that we must not make human forms even for decorative purposes is not binding on Christians.

Conclusion
Not binding on Christians  

Sunday, December 26, 2010

Terms I don’t like – Roman Catholic

Terms I don’t like – Roman Catholic  

I am a Catholic. I am not a Roman Catholic. The termRoman” Catholic was originally a term of derision and insult.

There is no Church called the Roman Catholic Church.  There has never been a single official Church document in which the Catholic Church referred to itself as the Roman Catholic Church. It is, and has always was, simply the Catholic Church.

In Greek the word "kathlicos" means "universal." The Christian Church has always been called the Catholic Church. It was fist referred to as such in writing by St. Ignatius, who was appointed the bishop of Antioch by St. Peter during the apostolic age.

According to Catholic apologist Patrick Madrid, “The formal or official name for the church established by Christ is the Catholic Church. ... Roman catholic is actually a term imposed on Catholics from the outside, stemming mainly from Anglican efforts in past centuries to portray themselves as also truly Catholic."

According to The Catholic Encyclopedia, which was written about one hundred years ago, the termRoman” Catholic is was first used about the year 1580 and is:

A qualification of the name Catholic commonly used in English-speaking countries by those unwilling to recognize the claims of the One True Church. Out of condescension for these dissidents, the members of that Church are wont in official documents to be styled "Roman Catholics" as if the term Catholic represented a genus of which those who owned allegiance to the pope formed a particular species. It is in fact a prevalent conception among Anglicans…

…the qualification "Romish Catholic" or "Roman Catholic" was introduced by Protestant divines who highly resented the Roman claim to any monopoly of the term Catholic. In Germany, Luther had omitted the word Catholic from the Creed, but this was not the case in England.

On the other hand the evidence seems to show that the Catholics of the reign of Elizabeth and James I were by no means willing to admit any other designation for themselves than the unqualified name Catholic.

…Indeed long after this period, the use of the term Roman Catholic continued to be a mark of condescension, and language of much more uncomplimentary character was usually preferred. It was perhaps to encourage a friendlier attitude in the authorities that Catholics themselves henceforth began to adopt the qualified term in all official relations with the government.

…and by that time it would appear that many Catholics themselves used the qualified form not only when addressing the outside public but in their domestic discussions.

In phone books, etc., the term “Roman” Catholic is used to differentiate the Church of Christ from splinter denominations calling themselves Catholic.

The term “Roman” Catholic is nonsensical when it is considered that the Church founded b Jesus Christ consists of twenty-plus Eastern Catholic Latin Rites that are completely district from the Latin Rite.

I do not ever call myself “Roman” Catholic. I cringe whenever I hear the term. Whenever Catholics call themselves “Roman” Catholics, it is akin to African-Americans calling themselves the “N” word. 

Saturday, December 25, 2010

Summary 1-30

Commandment
Conclusion
Binding
Binding
Binding
Binding
Binding
Binding
Binding
    Part 2
Binding
Binding
Binding
Binding
Not Binding
Binding
Binding
Binding
Binding
Binding
Binding
Binding
Binding
Binding
Not Binding
Binding
Binding
Binding
Binding
Binding
Binding
Binding
Binding

30. Do not make an idol for others

The 30th commandment of Mosaic Law is to not make an idol for others  

Where in scripture?
Leviticus 19:4
Do not turn aside to idols, nor make molten gods for yourselves. I, the LORD, am your God.

New Testament Reference
Ephesians 5:5
Be sure of this, that no immoral or impure or greedy person, that is, an idolater, has any inheritance in the kingdom of Christ and of God.

Mark 9:42
Whoever causes one of these little ones who believe (in me) to sin, it would be better for him if a great millstone were put around his neck and he were thrown into the sea.

Conclusion
Binding on Christians  

29. Do not make an idol for yourself

The 29th commandment of Mosaic Law is to not make an idol for yourself  

Where in scripture?
Exodus  20:4
You shall not carve idols for yourselves in the shape of anything in the sky above or on the earth below or in the waters beneath the earth

New Testament Reference
Ephesians 5:5
Be sure of this, that no immoral or impure or greedy person, that is, an idolater, has any inheritance in the kingdom of Christ and of God.

Conclusion
Binding on Christians 

Discussion
The second Mitzvah is to not think there are other gods besides Him. Perhaps this discussion might have been better posted there, but at the time I was still just developing a style and format, which is still a work in progress.

Modern man has jumped from carving idols and gods for himself and now has moved on to make himself a god.

While I’m typing this, I also have a EWTN recoding of Fr. Corapi on my television. Interestingly, his discussion touches upon this topic. He said, “Hubris is egotistical pride. It places the created over the creator.”

The Catechism of the Catholic Church defines sin, in part, as:

1850 …Sin sets itself against God's love for us and turns our hearts away from it. Like the first sin, it is disobedience, a revolt against God through the will to become "like gods," knowing and determining good and evil. Sin is thus "love of oneself even to contempt of God." In this proud self- exaltation, sin is diametrically opposed to the obedience of Jesus, which achieves our salvation.

As many writers have pointed out Secular Humanism in effect elevates man to the status of God. It believes in the absolute supremacy of humanity. However, Secular Humanism is too broad of a subject to adequately address in a single blog post, so I’m going to narrow down the topic.

In prior posts I have tried to use facts to prove my conclusions. I have tried to approach posts logically - as if I was proving a geometry theorem. I use established and accepted proofs to prove my theorem.

Today, on Christmas, I’m not going to do that. Instead I’m going present two sides of a question for which I don’t have a definite answer.

Is this Hubris?
Before I proceed with this question, I want to emphasize that Abraham Lincoln was one of the best presidents the U.S. has had. I’m only using this example because most readers are familiar with it.

In the Gettysburg Address, Abraham Lincoln said, “But, in a larger sense, we cannot dedicate, we cannot consecrate, we cannot hallow this ground. The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it, far above our poor power to add or detract.”

I certainly do not want to minimize the value of the lives of the many brave men who died at Gettysburg, but Lincoln’s speech typifies the thought and belief processes of most people.

In an earlier post, we discussed how the Catechism of the Catholic regards the meaning of “hallowed”.

2807 The term "to hallow" is to be understood here not primarily in its causative sense (only God hallows, makes holy), but above all in an evaluative sense: to recognize as holy, to treat in a holy way.

In the Gettysburg Address, Lincoln suggested that the sacrifice of men could make ground holy. Is the belief that the blood of brave men can hallow ground merely hubris?

I’m not trying to be “holier than thou.” I’ve fallen into this thinking too. For example, when I purchased my first scapular I wore it for several months without bothering to have it blessed. I told myself that it really didn’t matter whether the scapular was blessed or not because it had special significance to me. As with a blessed scapular, it was a constant reminder to live as a Christian. Even though the scapular hadn’t been blessed, I had felt that I was entitled to share in the same indulgences and privileges as if I was wearing a blessed scapular. Was this hubris on my part?

On the other hand
As I was planning this post, I had intended to come to the conclusion that the above thinking was indeed hubris. I discussed it with youngest my son. He suggested to me that I was minimizing the power of symbolism. According the Catholic Encyclopedia, “symbolism is essential, to every kind of external worship and we need not shrink from the conclusion that in the matter of baptisms and washings, of genuflexions and other acts of reverence, of lights and sweet smelling incense, of flowers and white vestures, of unctions and the imposing of hands, of sacrifice and the rite of the communion banquet, the Church has borrowed, without hesitation, from the common stock of significant actions known to all periods and to all nations. …Religious symbolism is effective precisely in the measure in which it is sufficiently natural and simple to appeal to the intelligence of the people.”

If you have some thoughts or conclusions, please feel free to leave a comment. 

Wednesday, December 22, 2010

Editorial - SBA-List v. DFLA

Editorial: SBA-List vs. DFLA

SBA List
The mission of the Susan B. Anthony List (SBA-List) is to raise up strong women leaders to boldly challenge abortion groups and the nation’s number one abortion provider, Planned Parenthood. According to the SBA-List, pro-life women leaders dispel the myth that women need abortion in order to flourish. They tell the truth. And their voices make a difference for innocent unborn children and their mothers.

DFLA
I tried to find the mission statement of Democrats for Life of America (DFLA) on its website at http://democratsforlife.org, but was unable to navigate to it from the home page, though I might have missed it. I did find the URL for the mission statement here by doing a Google search. According to Wikipedia, DFLA is an advocacy group attempting to reshape the political left, primarily the Democratic Party, into taking a pro-life position. Usually this involves political opposition to abortion, but DFLA also opposes capital punishment and euthanasia. DFLA’s position on abortion is in opposition to the current platform of the Democratic Party, which supports abortion.

Prior to the election of President Obama, pro-life Democrats were making some inroads within the party. According to Politics Daily, “The presence of pro-life Democrats was the product of a decision by Democratic leaders after the defeat in the 2004 presidential election. They wanted to broaden the party to welcome pro-lifers and more conservative Democrats.”

Health Care
About one year ago, both the SBA-List and the DFLA were united, along with the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops (USCCB), in opposition to President Obama's health care plan. Though there were some positives to certain aspects of his proposal, those were overshadowed by the plan’s inclusion of taxpayer funding for abortion.

After the House passed Obama’s health-care bill in November 2009, U.S. Representatives Bart Stupak (D-MI) and Joe Pitts (R-PA) introduced an amendment that would restrict abortion funding in the plan. Stupak indicated that he had a coalition of at least 12 pro-life Democrats that would vote with him in favor of the amendment. 

In February 2010, Stupak released a statement calling President Obama's health care proposal “unacceptable” on the issue of abortion.

For a time it seemed that the Stupak coalition, with its Republican allies, might have sufficient votes to pass the amendment, though it was far from certain.

In December 2009, Stupak said, “Our members are holding, so we will not pass if they are putting anything but a version of our language.”

It was an important moment for the pro-life movement. For the first time since Roe v. Wade, the cause of life was becoming a bi-partisan issue.

According to the New York Times, at that time Stupak was “enduring more hatred than perhaps any other member of Congress, much of it from fellow Democrats.”

It must be emphasized that the Democratic Party does not make it easy to be a pro-life Democrat. Stupak and his coalition faced incredible hostility from their own party.

It is now easy to forget, but NARAL, Planned Parenthood, and much of the rank and file angrily pledged retaliation against the Coalition when the members ran for reelection.

It is likely that some members of the Stupak Coalition were more committed than others. Some were probably wavering. Stupak probably believed that he might not have enough votes.  

In March, the Stupak Coalition made a deal with the White House and Pelosi. It was agreed that the Coalition would support Obama’s health care plan in return for the president’s promise that he would issue an executive order assuring that no federal funds would be used to subsidize abortion.

At that time it would have been reasonable for Stupak and DFLA to issue a statement saying something like the following:

We are proud of our historic effort to transform our Party and politics of our country. We have realized that we didn’t have enough votes to pass the Stupak Amendment. We knew that if we forced the amendment to a vote, the health care bill, with its unbridled taxpayer funding for abortion, would remain intact. In an effort to prevent this from happening, we entered into discussions with the administration in order to salvage the best deal possible.

Most people (though admittedly not all) would have understood that DFLA and Stupak were properly representing the best interests of the pro-life movement. In time certainly clear heads would prevail.

…However, no statement remotely similar to the above was ever made.

Instead, Kristen Day, the Executive Director of DFLA, made the first of several statements that are difficult to fathom.

After consistently opposing the health care bill for several months, Day declared total victory with the bill and the executive order.

Day was incorrect in characterizing the compromise as a victory because the executive order is not nearly as effective as the Stupak Amendment would have been. First, there are serious loopholes in the executive order. Second, the order can be (and probably will be) arbitrarily rescinded by Obama or any successor president at any time in the future.

The DFLA website now calls the health care bill “the most pro-life legislation of the last two years.”

It is difficult for me to understand why DFLA continues to spin the developments in this way. Among the possible theories are:

·         The Coalition agreed to describe compromise in this manner so that individual defectors from the Coalition who ultimately caused of the amendment’s failure, would not be identified. If this was the reason, it has worked – sort of. The DFLA and the coalition have maintained a united front and no defectors have ever been identified. However, the entire Coalition and the DFLA have all taken heat – especially Stupak himself. In one year he has gone from being a hero to having a legacy that will probably never be salvaged.
·         Perhaps the Obama administration demanded that the coalition and DFLA agree not criticize the health care plan.
·         Maybe this was just a miscalculation by DFLA. Day might have thought that she could spin this in a manner that enhanced DFLA’s (and its pro-life Democrats) standing in the Party.
·        
If it was just a matter of spin, it was a very gross miscalculation. According to Jill Stanek, pro-life groups including the SBA-List “considered those Democrats traitors, caving at the last moment to usher in taxpayer funding of abortion.”

There has been an escalation of words leading to this puzzling quote by Day: “The Democratic Party really agreed with the Catholic Church a lot, and a lot of Democrats felt abandoned by the Catholic bishops for not standing up for their positions." According to the Catholic News Agency, she said she had to remind critics of the health care legislation that the U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops (USCCB) mainly endorsed the legislation and opposed it because of the abortion issue.

Stanek has accused Day of putting her Party ahead of her pro-life convictions. While I don’t understand Day’s posturing, she hasn’t been afraid of taking on the Democratic Party in the past.
In 2006 Day wrote a book entitled Democrats for Life: Pro-Life Politics and the Silenced Majority. The liner notes describe the book as “a shocking expose of the Democratic party leadership, which hijacked the grassroots movement to push through Roe v. Wade… Democratic leaders have blocked pro-life voices within the party…See how the history of the Democratic party has led to today’s high abortion rate.”

It is interesting to note that the liner notes include a quote from Marjorie Dannenfelser – President, Susan B. Anthony List. “Having worked for a pro-life Democrat in the House, I know the importance of the unique pro-life heritage and tradition the Democratic party brings to the issue of abortion. Its historic commitment to defending the weak is a crucial component in the struggle to defend unborn life. Kristen understands and explains meticulously how and why that heritage must be reclaimed.”

Things have changed since 2006.

According to Marjorie Dannenfelser, “Open and honest debate is the last thing the Democrats for Life are fighting for. …Ironically, ours is the position that pro-life Democrats themselves held before they changed their minds. It’s also the position of the National Right to Life Committee, Americans United for Life, United States Conference of Catholic Bishops, Ohio Right to Life and numerous other organizations and policy experts."

After the compromise, the SBA-List immediately instituted a “Votes Have Consequences” campaign. The group raised about $1.5 million (with one estimate as high as $3.4 million) to punitively target the pro-life Democrats of the Stupak Coalition.  

When I first heard that Stupak caved-in to Obama’s pressure, I felt angry and betrayed. When I first read of the SBA-List campaign, I thought it was a great idea. “Their votes should have consequences,” I thought.

However, after a few days I calmed down. It seems that the folks at the SBA-List never did.
The SBA-List went after the pro-life Democrats and was very successful in replacing them with pro-life Republicans. “We lost so many good members of our pro-life caucus,” Day said. She reports that the caucus had been halved from about 40 to about 20.

Would the SBA-List’s money have been better spent if it had had been applied against pro-abortion Democrats and Republicans?

As a result of the attrition of pro-life Democrats, the support of life is more tenuous than ever in the Democratic Party. According to Fr. Frank Pavone, of Priests for Life, the pro-life movement needs representation in both parties.

“There certainly is a real prospect that the number of pro-life Democrats will decline… pro-life voices are likely to be less common in the Democratic caucus…” said John Green, a professor of political science at the University of Akron in Christianity Today.

U.S. Rep. Joe Pitts the Republican co-sponsor of the Stupak Amendment said, “Nancy Pelosi and other Democratic leaders are creating a party that no longer has room for moderates or pro-lifers.”

Did the SBA-List inadvertently help Pelosi in her efforts in “cleansing” the party?
The DFLA never had as much influence on the Democratic Party as Planned Parenthood or NARAL, but at least DFLA was “invited to the table” to take part in some important discussions. Now the organization’s influence is likely lessened. The moderating influence pro-life
Democrats will have on their party is likely lessened. 

The DFLA website cites a Nation Magazine to support its contention that the SBA-List “has become another partner in Karl Rove and the Republican's goal of taking control of the U.S. Congress for the benefit of the health insurance companies.”

I don’t believe that the SBA-List is an arm of the Republican Party because there is plenty of evidence to the contrary. The SBA-List supported Dan Lipinski, a solidly pro-life Democrat from Illinois who never agreed to the Obama compromise. Secondly, before Stupak’s compromise with Obama, the SBA-List had announced that he would receive a special award from the organization.

However, if the SBA-List was actually a covert arm of the Republican Party (which I don’t believe it was), would it have acted any differently? I don’t think so.

While there are some in the pro-life movement who feel that we made great gains during the last election, I don’t share their optimism.

With the faltering economy, Republicans are likely to make some gains in two years. They may even regain the White House and the Senate. Based on past performance, however, once in power, the Republicans aren’t likely to accomplish much for the pro-life cause. I must clarify that there are undoubtedly many Republican civil servants who dedicated to the pro-life cause. However, there are also many Republican politicians who campaign as a pro-life candidates and then put the issue on the back burner. They use the abortion issue as a carrot and stick.

Let’s speculate that the Republicans take the White House in four years. But what if the economy continues to sputter as many experts expect it to do? Most readers of this blog know that the abortion issue is the most serious issue facing our generation, but most people merely vote with their pocketbooks. When the economy is bad, they “throw the bums out of office.”

This guy, who has made some startling accurate economic forecasts, says that we will be in the depths of a major depression by 2016. This guy very cogently explains how the inflated stock market is, at its heart, a Ponzi scheme that will inevitably collapse. This could all happen during a Republican administration.

The financial forecasters could be wrong. Only God knows for sure. But if those guys are right, the voters will turn out the Republicans and move back to the Democrats (If not then, it’s bound to happen sooner or later).

Whenever the next Democratic administration takes over, you can be sure that it will rescind Obama’s current executive order. Without any pro-life influence, the Democratic Party will ram through horrific policies of which we can only imagine.

In summary, with the dispute between the SBA-List and DFLA, there are no winners – except perhaps pro-abortion Democrats.